Cavities

Cavities, or tooth decay, are holes that form on the outer enamel surface of a tooth. These holes are created when food particles or sugary drinks cover the tooth leaving a sticky film coating called plaque. Plaque is made of bacteria which produces acid which dissolve through the hard outer enamel surface of teeth. The acid can continue to dissolve more tooth structure away and penetrate deeper into the center of the tooth near or at the nerve chamber which can then cause tooth pain and sensitivity.

Generally, cavities are more common among children due to excessive eating of sugary foods and drinks, heavy plaque build up, and poor oral hygiene from insufficient brushing, however, adults are just as prone to getting cavities as children. Decay causing bacteria can accumulate anywhere on teeth. In the adult, decay is usually found around the edges, or margins, of older fillings or crowns that may be worn or cracked. Aging and gum disease can cause the gums to pull away, or recede, from the teeth exposing the softer root surfaces of teeth which are highly susceptible to decay.

To help prevent tooth decay, it is recommended that teeth be brushed at least twice a day, after meals, using fluoride toothpaste, floss daily, and use a supplemental fluoride rinse if needed. Eat nutritious meals, limit snacking especially sugary foods and drinks. Finally, have professional dental cleanings and examinations done routinely every six months or less as needed.